How to synthesize nanoparticles?

In nanotechnology, the most important is how to fabricate nanomaterials which have the suitable properties for applications. There are many methods to produce nanoparticles such as solvothermal process, laser ablation, precipitation method, pyrolysis and so on. Some methods are simple reaction and easy to do. The key to make nanoparticles is how to control and stop the reaction to make nano-size products because the properties of nanoparticles depend on their size and morphology.

For example: Microemulsion method

Microemulsions are isotropic, thermodynamically stable dispersion of oil, water, surfactant and often cosurfactant. Microemulsion can be characterized as oil-in-water (O/W), water-in-oil (W/O) and bicontinuous system. Water-in-oil microemulsions are composed of nanometer-sized water droplets that are dispersed in a continuous oil medium and stabilized by surfactant molecules. These droplets can serve as nanoreactors for producing nanoparticles